Litigation, Censures, and Fines Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Litigation, Censures, and Fines - Term Paper Example In recent years auditors are using unqualified comments to warn the companies to take good care of their bookkeeping process but the latter entities are not following the recommendations. The situation got worst with the passage of time and due to this reason public started to challenge the practices of national accounting organizations. Government responded to these challenges by tightening the regulations and ordered the auditors to give qualified objections upon repeated incidents of non-compliance from the companies. Nevertheless the public’s knowledge grew with the help of internet and other modern day technologies that resulted in a significant growth in the number of lawsuits against accounting firms. Recently internet and other technologies compensated for the producer-customer knowledge gap and therefore the organizations cannot fool general public by not following matching principle (Persons, 2011). It is suggested that organizations focus on enhancing their effectiv eness and efficiency. But the major question arises that why do litigations happen against the accounting firms? The answer lies within the inability of accounting companies to uphold the accuracy of the financial statements. They only care about upholding and applying the Accepted Accounting Practices and fail to see their application for the sake of disguising the information. Accounting firms play a significant role in false overvaluation of the stocks and when people purchase the shares those corporate companies do not pay dividends. Thus the abovementioned condition is creating anger and hatred against the accounting companies in the general public. On the other side accounting firms’ credibility suffer significantly in reaction to the stockpiling of lawsuits against them in every nation’s major justice centers. Now this paper turns its focus towards analyzing the basic and fundamental needs for which the art and science of accounting and financial management were conceptualized in the first place. The elementary reason for developing accounting practices was to create and foster confidence and trust in the shareholders but apparently the financial management firms have forgotten the basic lesson and therefore they are working to save the skins of their employers in order to make some extra bucks so that they can fight semi-permanent global recession. In reality nonetheless they are not true to their profession that is causing them to face embarrassment in court of law. A recent case occurred when Ernst & Young, KPMG, and PricewaterhouseCoopers were sued by Simon Marketing, an offshoot of the Simon Worldwide. The lawsuit stated that the featured financial firms did not record and report the costs of distributing promotional games designed to promote McDonald’s worldwide. Previously, the food chain launched the games named ‘Monopoly’ and ‘Who-Wants-to-Be-a-Millionaire’, for promotional purposes. But the Simon Marketing’s management reacted severely to say the least because firstly Ernst & Young have never worked for them while KPMG stated that they were never informed of games questionable legitimacy and finally PricewaterhouseCoopers affirmed its resignation from the position of chief auditor. Given the aforementioned condition the management is trying to cover up something big because dragging previous auditing partners into a lawsuit is not such a good idea. Yet, it can be presumed that

Conditions for Equilibrium Essay Example for Free

Conditions for Equilibrium Essay When we say equilibrium, it is a state of balance. It is a condition where there is no change in the state of motion of a body. Equilibrium also may be at rest or moving within a constant velocity. A simple mechanical body is said to be in equilibrium if no part of it is accelerating, unless it is disturbed by an outside force. Two conditions for equilibrium are that the net force acting on the object is zero, and the net torque acting on the object is zero. Thus, the following objectives were emphasized in this experiment: to determine the equilibrant force using the force table and the omponent method, to determine the unknown forces using the first condition and second conditions for equilibrium, to locate the centre of gravity of a composite body, and to demonstrate rational equilibrium. 2. Theory Equilibrant is equal in magnitude to the resultant but oppositely directed. The first condition of equilibrium is when a body at rest or moving with uniform velocity has zero acceleration. The center of Gravity is the point where the weight of a body is assumed concentrate. The second condition of equilibrium is satisfied when the sum f all torques acting on an object about any axis equals zero. In activity 1, TA or the tension acting on the string is the weight of the pan A plus the weight added to it and multiplied to 9. 8 m/s2 TB or the tension acting on the string is the weight of the pan B plus the weight added to it and multiplied to 9. 8 m/s2 Experimental Equilibrant is the weight of the pan A plus the weight added to it. Theoretical Equilibrant= % Error = Exp. Theoretical X 100 Theoretical In activity 2, the equation Tl T2 cos e = O was used. From the equation, was derived to get the value ofT2 where, Tl is the reading on he spring scale when the pin is exactly at the middle of the ring e is the angle of the string makes with the horizontal Experimental Weight = T2 sin e Theoretical Weight= In activity 3, to check the results, the actual computation of center of gravity was used. Where XC and YC are the coordinates of the center of gravity of the circle, XS and YS of the center of gravity of the composite fgure. In activity 4, the equation was used, where, Xl is the length of the cylinder used X2 is the length of the center of gravity of the cylinder. And X3 is the length of the cylinder minus the 5. 0 cm. . Methodology There are 4 different kinds of activity in the experiment to determine the conditions for equilibrium. The materials used were the following: Force table and accessories, force board, cylinder of unknown weight, spring scale, electronic gram balance, card board, aluminum bar, cylinder of unknown weight, and protractor. For activity 1, the group used a force table, its three pans and accessories. The three pans were weighed and labeled as A, B and C. Pan A was hung at 30 degree mark and a 100g was placed on it whereas on pan B a150 g was placed and was hung at 200 degree mark. The group balanced the two tensions in the strings by placing weight on the pan C or adjusting its position in the force table to obtain the magnitude and position of the equilibrant. The theoretical equilibrant of the two tensions was solved using the component method. The group then computed the % error using the values obtained by the component method as your accepted value for magnitude as well as direction. Figure 1: Set-up for activity 1 For activity 2, a cylinder of unknown weight was suspended on the force board by means of two strings. A spring scale was then attached to one of the strings. One member of the group pulled the string horizontally until the pin was exactly at the middle of the ring. The reading on the spring scale was recorded as Tl . Another member of the group measured the angle that the other string makes with the horizontal and solved for the tension T2 of the other spring and the weight of a cylinder. Percent error was computed after. For activity 3, the group used a circle of diameter 10cm and a square of side 10 cm from the card board. The circle and the square was weighed and recorded as wc and Ws. The group determined the center f gravity of the composite fgure by using the balancing method and composite method. In balancing method, a pen was placed in the middle of the composite figure wherein the plumb method, the group used a string with a coin at the end then hung it from any point and measured where it intersects on the composite fgure. Figure 2: Balancing Method Figure 3: Plumbing Method For activity 4, the group first located the center of gravity of the aluminum bar by balancing it on a pencil. The cylinder used in activity 2 was hung 5. 0 cm from one end of the bar. Using the force board, the aluminum bar was supported by means of spring scale on the end and a string on the other end until the bar assumes a horizontal position. The group used the second condition for equilibrium to determine the weight of the bar and the tension in the string. Percent error was also computed. . Results and Discussion Activity 1 Tensions Magnitude (N) Position(0) TAI. 3105 300 1. 7962 2000 Experimental Equilibrant 0. 6241 3600 Theoretical Equilibrant 0. 5545 3560 % Error Table 1: Results of Activity 1 Table 1 shows the magnitude and the positions of the equilibrants and the tensions acting on the pans. The theoretical equilibrant of the two tensions was solved using he component method. The % error was computed using the values o btained by the component method as the accepted value for magnitude and the direction. Some factors that contributed the 13% error in this activity were the accuracy of the force table and its accessories used. Activity 2 Tl (N) 63 N (0) 440 T2 (N) 8. 7 N Experimental Weight (N) 6 N Theoretical Weight (N) 6. 3 N % Error 13. 2% Free Body Diagram of ring Table 2: Results of Activity 2 Table 2 shows the different unknown forces acting on the cylinder using the first condition for equilibrium. Some factors that contributed the 13. % error in this activity were the accuracy of the spring scale used and the pulling of the string horizontally. Activity 3 Weight of Square= 8. 36 g Weight of Circle= 6. 94 g Method Center of Gravity X- coordinate Y coordinate Plumb line Method 10 5. 2 Balancing Method 9. 55 4. 5 Computation 9. 54 5 Table 3: Results of Activity 3 Table 3 shows the x and y coordinates of the center of gravity of the component fgure using plumb line method, balancing method and the actual computation. In balancing method, a pen was placed in the middle of the composite figure wherein he plumb method, the group used a string with a coin at the end then hung it from computation was written in the manual. Activity 4 Reading of Spring Scale (N) 5 N Weight of cylinder (N) 5. 3238 N Experimental Weight of bar(N) 0. 7418 N Theoretical Weight of bar(N) 0. 7977 N % Error 7% Free Body Diagram of bar Table 4: Results of Activity 4 Table 4 shows the different unknown forces acting on the bar using the second condition for equilibrium. One factor that contributed the 7% error was due to the person holding the string at one end to make the cylinder bar in horizontal position 5. Conclusion Different activities in this experiment were accomplished to understand more about the conditions for equilibrium. Based from the results obtained by the group in the different activities, the group was able to determine the equilibrant force by using the force table and the component method. The unknown forces using the first and second conditions for equilibrium were determined. Using the square and circle fgure, the center of gravity of a composite body was located. Rotational equilibrium was demonstrated because the sum of all of the torques equals zero 6. Application 1 . State the first condition for equilibrium. If a body is in equilibrium, are there no forces acting on it? Equilibrium means the sum of all forces in all directions is equal to zero. It doesnt mean that there are no forces acting on it. It Just means that the forces that are acting on it are equal and opposite. 2. The Russell Traction system is used for a fractured femur. Identify the forces acting on the femur. If the weight hang is 5. 0 kg, find the force needed to immobilize the femur. What will supply this force? 3. What happens to the center of gravity of a person under the following situations? A. ) His upper right extremity is amputated. B. He carries all his books using the right arm only. )When ones upper right extremity is amputated, the center of gravity of the person would lean towards the right part of the body since the gravitational force on the remaining arm will push the center of gravity towards the right. b) When a person carries his books using only his right arm, the pull of gravity on the book would push the center of gravity of the body towards the left. 4. Devise a way by which you could determine your center of gravity. If the object is irregular in shape, the center of mass is always located closer to the more massive nd. Use felt pens to outline your partners body on a piece of butcher paper. Determine your partners approximate center of gravity by carefully cutting out the human outline and balancing it on your finger. Mark the center of gravity on your partners body with a piece of tape. Get a six foot piece of butcher paper and tape it feet. Mark their approximate center. Another way is to lie horizontally across the arm of a couch. The point where you are balanced is your center of gravity. 5. In general, the womens centers of gravity tend to be lower than mens. Can you explain why? Womens centers of gravity tend to be lower than mens because women have a bigger pelvis area. The skeletal structure of women make it so that their pelvis is bigger, since they will need the extra support come the time that they become pregnant, and their bodies support a baby. This means that the lower body of women is generally heavier in comparison to their whole body, as opposed to the lower body of men. This would make the center of gravity of women slightly lower, because more of their body mass is concentrated at the lower portion of their body.

Agony And The Ecstacy :: essays research papers

The Agony and the Ecstacy depicts Michelangelo’s struggle to become the embodiment of Renaissance humanism. In the course of the novel Michelangelo must overcome the interference of his family, religious dogma, political intrigue, papal patronage, military campaigns, and artistic jealousy to realize his artistic ambition. Despite his father’s opposition, twelve-year-old Michelangelo becomes an apprentice, first to painter Ghirlandaio and then to Bertoldo, a sculptor, who directs a school financed by Lorenzo de’ Medici, patron of Florentine art. Michelangelo quickly wins Lorenzo’s esteem, meets his children (among Them two future popes, Giulio and Giovanni, and Contessina, his first love), suffers the first of several attacks by jealous colleagues (his nose is broken by Trrigiani, whose later appearances always threaten Michelangelo), and through forbidden dissection learns the anatomy and physiology he needs. Eventually Savonarola, a reform priest, comes to power, and his crusading zeal threatens Lorenzo de’ Medici’s family and the Florentine art world. When Savonarola gains political, as well as religious control, Michelangelo flees Florence and travels to Bologna, where he meets the sensuous Clarissa Saffi and carves the Bambino that attracts the attention of Leo Baglioni. In Rome for the first time, Michelangelo meets Jacopo Galli, a banker, who commissions a sculpture; Giuliano Sangallo, an architect; and Bramante, another architect and an adversary. In Rome, Michelangelo carves the Pieta, learns about the whims of religious patrons, and becomes interested in St. Peter’s – the building of the new St. Peter’s will embroil him in controversy and ultimately consume his last years. Michelangelo return to Florence, where he carves â€Å"the Giant,† a sculpture of David which becomes the symbol of Florence. There he meets Leonardo da Vinci, his principal rival, and Raphael, the painter – the three become the triumvirate of Renaissance Italian art. Jealous of Leonardo Michelangelo competes with him as the two artists paint frescoes for the rulers of Florence. Word of Michelangelo’s work reaches Pope Julius, who forces Michelangelo to work in bronze, rather than his beloved marble, and to paint the Sistine Chapel ceiling. It is Julius who resolves to build a new St. Peter’s. Julius is followed by two Medici popes who only add to Michelangelo’s problems: Giovanni, by forcing him to work with marble from Pietrasanta, an almost inaccessible region, thereby making Michelangelo an engineer, and Giulio, against whose forces Michelangelo must use his engineering talents to fortify the city of Florence. The Medici popes are followed by Pope Paul III, who commissions Michelangelo to paint the Last Judgment and who, after bitter disputes about the ongoing building of St.

The Effects of Hallucinogenic Drugs on The Brain :: Biology Essays Research Papers

The Effects of Hallucinogenic Drugs on The Brain Hallucinnogenic Drugs alter a person's perceptions of reality and may cause hallucinations and other alterations of the senses. Drugs classified as hallucinogens include: LSD (lysergic acid diethylamide), 2,5-dimethoxy-4-methylamphetime(DOM), N,N-dimethyltrptamine(DMT), psilocin, and mescaline. There are two aspects of these drugs that classify then as hallucinogens. They all have common side effects, including distortion of sensory perception, and other psychic and somatic effects. These drugs also exhibit cross-tolerance. This means that a user of hallucinogenic drugs develops a higher tolerance to hallucinogens, the more they are used and the shorter the time span is between the last usage. Hallucinogenic drugs have been used throughout history for a number of reasons. They have been used as medicinal agents as well as having served religious purposes. Hallucinogens such as mescaline have been used in Native American ritual ceremonies. There was extensive usage of hallucinogens in the 60's and 70's as part of the counter- culture hippie movement. During the "acid tests" of this era, hallucinogenic drugs were used for mind exploration (B.L. Jacobs, "How Hallucinogenic Drugs Work"). Hallucinogenic drugs cause both physical and psychological effects on humans. The physical effects of these drugs include: dilated pupils, elevated body temperature, increased heart rate and blood pressure, appetite loss, sleeplessness, tremors, headaches, nausea, sweating, heart palpitations, blurring of vision, memory loss, trembling, and itching. A user of hallucinogenic drugs will also experience a number of psychological alterations in the brain. These drugs may cause hallucinations and illusions as well, as the amplification of sense, and the alterations of thinking and self-awareness. It is quite possible to have a bad reaction to hallucinogenic drugs. This is referred to as a "bad trip" and may cause panic, confusion, suspicion, anxiety, and loss of control. The long-term effects of these drugs can be quite dangerous. These long-term effects may include: flashbacks, mood swings, impaired thinking, unexpected outbursts of violence and eventually possibly depression that may le ad to death or suicide. Quite a lot of interest concerning hallucinogens has been generated by neurobiologists and other scientists. The effects that hallucinogenic drugs have on the brain are quite complicated and very interesting. Many users of hallucinogenic drugs have experienced whole personality changes which raises questions about the relationship between brain and behavior. Scientists are also curious as to how total alterations of the senses can occur as the result of hallucinogen usage.

Knowledge Management Practice at Mindtree

KM Practice at Mindtree Mindtree visit: 10th September 2007 Presentation by Raj Datta Mindtree he said believes in a holistic KM Approach. It is important to cover the entire life cycle of knowledge when we think of any Knowledge management initiative in an organization. And to do so we need to recognize the spiral nature of the knowledge and the interdependencies. The 2 types of KM approaches are Control:the organization monitors the KM database and the quality of content generated.Community:The communities of knowledge automatically filter out junk using peer reviews which is a more transparent process. Mindtree approach to build a KM solution †¢ He said that people are naturally motivated to share. †¢ KM is an emergent phenomenon †¢ Knowledge is not produced like manufacture goods †¢ If control is softer there will be more self organization and collaboration †¢ Environment and culture play in important role in KM †¢ A high focus on the needs of the Kn owledge worker is essential †¢ Change is enabled, not forced.KM goal at Mindtree : To establish systems , Process and Culture that helps to continuously build their intellectual capital. Intellectual capital can be found in 3 forms †¢ Knowledge of the people/individuals of the organization. †¢ Knowledge contained in the organizational structures, processes, social networks. †¢ Knowledge contained in the interfaces between the organization and its clients. KM is socio technical in nature. A good and effective KM practice can influence the organization in the following ways | | | |Better Quality | | | |Higher productivity | | | |Innovative Solutions |And therefore |Higher Customer Satisfaction | |Faster response time |———–> |Higher Employee Satisfaction | |Increased Speed of delivery |lead to | | |Shorter learning curves | | | Knowledge lifecycle The cycle given below is called GALIS. The Get and Share parts of the cycle are enabled usin g a centralized repository. Certain types of Knowledge can be imparted by Training. But certain other types of knowledge are emergent. Knowledge that cannot be shared by training needs to be shared and communicated using other means such as †¢ Storytelling †¢ Roleplay †¢ Simulation †¢ Games Stories are the way in which the core values of the company are passed on to the associates.This helps associates understand the levels of integrity, right behavior etc expected from them. The KM journey of Mindtree involves various of SocioTechnical solutions. They are illustrated below Osmosis:It the annual technical fest conducted my Mindtree in which Mindtree minds share their technical project knowledge and demo products/projects to the rest of the company. Communities:Groups of people with common interests who get together and discuss issues pertaining to their areas of interest and thereby enable knowledge sharing. These groups have their own website supported by KM gro up and make their own membership rules. They moderate themselves and are not controlled by any external agent. Examples: OOAD, Japanese, Innovation etcKnowledgeNet, Project Space, Connected Minds and Open Mind are all portals, some which facilitate information exchange and discussions within the organization and some with the clients. KnowledgeSafari,Unconference etc are other techniques used by Mindtree in their KM practice. Knowledge Driven project management is practiced in Mindtree. Neuron:This is a portal that manages the ideas generated by the Mindtree minds. It is the tool for Idea and Innovation management. The tools and techniques used by Mindtree for creative and systematic innovation are †¢ Six thinking hats †¢ TRIZ †¢ Mindmapping Ideas go through the stages of †¢ Feasible †¢ Viable †¢ Develop †¢ DeployOn the portal the idea submissions have the following fields Idea: Submitted by: Primary category: Primary Nurturer: State:feasible/viabl e/etc IP Potential: Any comment on any idea should always be accompanied by comments from all the thinking hat perspectives i. e a black hat comment has to be substantiated with comments from all the other colored hat perspectives. This way the initial biases towards any idea are removed and subjectivity in decisions is reduced. The rewards and recognition for practicing KM in the organization are given in the following forms †¢ Community Champion award †¢ Innovation award †¢ Top 10 submitters award †¢ Patenting Award †¢ Community of the quarter award.Over the course of time it has been observed that the incidence of awards are coming down and knowledge sharing is happening with lesser external incentives. Conclusion The following are the important points to be noted from this study †¢ The culture of the organization impacts the KM practice †¢ Communities of practice is an effective way of knowledge sharing . †¢ It is important to note the pow er of IT in KM †¢ The socio-technical nature if KM has to be considered seriously for any KM practice. ———————– INNOVATE APPLY LEARN GET SHARE INNOVATE Neuron COLLABORATE ConnectedMinds+OpenMind+ProjectSpace SHARE KnowledgeNet OSMOSIS Annual Tech Fest COMMUNITIES

Preamble to the U.S. Constitution

Preamble to the U.S. Constitution The Preamble to the U.S. Constitution summarizes the Founding Fathers’ intention to create a federal government dedicated to ensuring that â€Å"We the People† always live in a safe, peaceful, healthy, well-defended- and most of all- free nation.  Ã‚  The preamble states: â€Å"We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defence, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America.† As the Founders intended, the Preamble has no force in law. It grants no powers to the federal or state governments, nor does it limit the scope of future government actions. As a result, the Preamble has never been cited by any federal court, including the U.S. Supreme Court, in deciding cases dealing with constitutional issues. Also known as the â€Å"Enacting Clause,† the Preamble did not become a part of the Constitution until the final few days of the Constitutional Convention after Gouverneur Morris, who had also signed the Articles of Confederation, pressed for its inclusion. Before it was drafted, the Preamble had not been proposed or discussed on the floor of the convention. The first version of the preamble did not refer to, â€Å"We the People of the United States†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Instead, it referred to the people of the individual states. The word â€Å"people† did not appear, and the phrase â€Å"the United States† was followed by a listing of the states as they appeared on the map from north to south. However, the Framers changed to the final version when they realized that the Constitution would go into effect as soon as nine states gave their approval, whether any of the remaining states had ratified it or not. The Value of the Preamble The Preamble explains why we have and need the Constitution. It also gives us the best summary we will ever have of what the Founders were considering as they hashed out the basics of the three branches of government. In his highly acclaimed book, Commentaries on the Constitution of the United States, Justice Joseph Story wrote of the Preamble, â€Å"its true office is to expound the nature and extent and application of the powers actually conferred by the Constitution.† In addition, no less noted authority on the Constitution than Alexander Hamilton himself, in Federalist No. 84, stated that the Preamble gives us â€Å"a better recognition of popular rights than volumes of those aphorisms which make the principal figure in several of our State bills of rights, and which would sound much better in a treatise of ethics than in a constitution of government.† James Madison, one of the leading architects of the Constitution, may have put it best when he wrote in The Federalist No. 49: [T]he people are the only legitimate fountain of power, and it is from them that the constitutional charter, under which the several branches of government hold their power, is derived . . . . Understand the Preamble, Understand the Constitution Each phrase in the Preamble helps explain the purpose of the Constitution as envisioned by the Framers. ‘We the People’ This well-known key phrase means that the Constitution incorporates the visions of all Americans and that the rights and freedoms bestowed by the document belong to all citizens of the United States of America. ‘In order to form a more perfect union’ The phrase recognizes that the old government based on the Articles of Confederation was extremely inflexible and limited in scope, making it hard for the government to respond to the changing needs of the people over time.   ‘Establish justice’ The lack of a system of justice ensuring fair and equal treatment of the people had been the primary reason for the Declaration of Independence and the American Revolution against England. The Framers wanted to ensure a fair and equal system of justice for all Americans. ‘Insure domestic tranquility’ The Constitutional Convention was held shortly after Shays’ Rebellion, a bloody uprising of farmers in Massachusetts against the state caused by the monetary debt crisis at the end of the Revolutionary War. In this phrase, the Framers were responding to fears that the new government would be unable to keep peace within the nation’s borders. ‘Provide for the common defense’ The Framers were acutely aware that the new nation remained extremely vulnerable to attacks by foreign nations and that no individual state had the power to repel such attacks. Thus, the need for a unified, coordinated effort to defend the nation would always be a vital function of the U.S. federal government. ‘Promote the general welfare’ The Framers also recognized that the general well-being of the American citizens would be another key responsibility of the federal government. ‘Secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity’ The phrase confirms the Framer’s vision that the very purpose of the Constitution is to protect the nation’s blood-earned rights for liberty, justice, and freedom from a tyrannical government. ‘Ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America’ Simply stated, the Constitution and the government it embodies are created by the people, and that it is the people who give America its power. The Preamble in Court While the Preamble has no legal standing, the courts have used it in trying to interpret the meaning and intent of various sections of the Constitution as they apply to modern legal situations. In this way, courts have found the Preamble useful in determining the â€Å"spirit† of the Constitution. Whose Government is it and What is it For? The Preamble contains what may be the most important three words in our nation’s history: â€Å"We the People.† Those three words, along with the brief balance of the Preamble, establish the very basis of our system of â€Å"federalism,† under which the states and central government are granted both shared and exclusive powers, but only with the approval of â€Å"We the people.† Compare the Constitution’s Preamble to its counterpart in the Constitution’s predecessor, the Articles of Confederation. In that compact, the states alone formed â€Å"a firm league of friendship, for their common defense, the security of their liberties, and their mutual and general welfare† and agreed to protect each other â€Å"against all force offered to, or attacks made upon them, or any of them, on account of religion, sovereignty, trade, or any other pretence whatever.† Clearly, the Preamble sets the Constitution apart from the Articles of Confederation as being an agreement among the people, rather than the states, and placing an emphasis on rights and freedoms above the military protection of the individual states.

Pius II essays

Pius II essays Pius II was born in the Sienese territory on October 18, 1405. Pius studied at the universities of Siena and Florence. He stayed in the city of Florence to become a teacher, although in 1431 he excepted the inventation to be the secretary to Domenico Capranic. Domenico Capranic was the bishop of Ferno and was on his way to the Council of Basel to protest against Eugenius IV. After going to Basel Pius accompanied Capranic on many other adventures. Pius was also sent by Cardinal Albergata on a secret mission to Scotland, and while in Scotland also visited England. When he returned he sided with the council about its conflicts with the Pope. Although he was still a layman he still played a huge role in the direction of the council's decisions. Pius was a very easy going person, he had no strict morals and he wasn't very consistant with politics. In 1445 he went to Germany to assist the pope. He was very sucessfull in this, he helped to resolve the differences between the papal court of Rome and the German imperial electors. In 1447 Eugenius died and his sucssesor was Nicholas V. Nicholas' first act was to make Pius the bishop of Trieste. In 1450 he was sent ambassador by the emperor Fredrick to negotiate his marriage with the princess Leonora of Naples, which was very sucsessfull. Then in 1452 he went with Fredrick to Rome where the emperor married princess Leonora of Naples and was crowned the king of the Romans. On Decemeber 18th 1456 he was created cardinal by Calixtus III. Two years later; 1558 Calixtus III died and on August 10, 1558 Pius became his sucsessor. As pope Pius served the best interests of the church. He was constantly trying for the peace of Christiandom against Islam. He also started a commission for the reform of the Roman court. Even though he was extremly busy he still found time for his literature. He had two major works during this time. His geographical and ethnographical de ...

Three Easy Steps to Guitar essays

Three Easy Steps to Guitar essays There are many joys in life but nothing compares to the shear sensation of playing guitar. Its a great hobby, chicks find it romantic, and experts even say it makes you smarter. Learning how to play the guitar is also very easy. All you need is a guitar, a pick and to follow the three basic steps of guitar. Step one deals with finding your musical influences and applying them to how you want to play. Your musical influence is found in your everyday lifestyle. When you get in your car, what is the first CD that you put in? What kind of music always draws your attention and makes you feel good? These are all part of how music has influenced your life. Musical influences are simply the way that you like your music, whether you like it soft or heavy, quiet or loud. Once youve found your influence, youre ready to find out how you want to play. This is very easy because how you want to play is also what you want to listen to. The two questions are both part of the way that you see music; in other words, they are your musical influences, after you have found your musical influence and how you want to play youre ready to learn the guitar basics. Guitar basics start by learning how to hold the guitar. First, where does the guitar go? While youre sitting down, place the guitar over your right thigh, to balance the weight of the guitar onto your leg. Second, where do your hands go? Take your right hand and place it over the body of the guitar, the part of the guitar that you put on your thigh. This is where you will strum the strings of the guitar. Now take your left hand and hook your arm under the neck of the guitar, the long slender part that extends out to your left. The key to all of this is to feel comfortable. Once you have learned how to hold the guitar, and then move on to basic skills. ...

Marketing Plan of Dining Hall Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Marketing Plan of Dining Hall - Research Paper Example The dining plan has been customized as per the nutritional requirements of the students and also, the preferences designed by the student body and authorities (University of Delaware, 2013a). The students have been authorized to change the dining plan after submitting the plan to the student body (University of East London, 2013).Analysis & Comparison between the Delaware University Dining & OthersThe dining services offered by Delaware University are very popular but still, the services offered by The University of Newark and Rutgers University has gained more recognition throughout the entire region.   Some of the important dining services offered by this university campus are as follows:  Newark University  Thus, it has been observed that the dining plan, ranges, meals and their prices vary accordingly to the likes and preference of the students. Most of the students in Newark University and Rutgers University campus have the authority to change the menu as per their prefere nces and it is not even a time consuming process like, that of University of Delaware. The meals in the university campus of Newark and Rutgers are popular for their timely delivery for social purposes and also, to the students in residential campus. Both the university campus dining services are more or less focused on providing student oriented dining facilities (Washington University, 2013a). The kitchen staff in University of Delaware is more focused on designing the menu as per the nutritional requirements in collaboration with the student.... ation A questionnaire was distributed to the students of various departments of the college and the staff working in the kitchen department of the four dining restaurants. A total of 50 questionnaires were distributed to the college student and the staff working in the kitchen departments. The results differed completely from both the survey conducted on the staff and the students. Analysis through Current Menu Offerings Apart from the distribution of survey, the current menu was analyzed and the less favored menu was identified. Current Menu of University Of Delaware Pencader Dining Hall: Home food (whole meals), Soup, Salad, Grilled, Bread, Desserts Kent Dining Hall: Italian Food, Soup, Salad, Vegetarian Food, Sour Bread, Desserts Rodney Dining Hall: Wholesome meal in chicken and vegetarian meal, Soup, Salad, Noodles, Bread, Desserts Russell Dining Hall: Wholesome home meal, Soup, Salad, Grilled, Bread, Desserts The above menu is standardized for all the restaurants but all of them have different food items and the nutritional content is displayed in the official website. The first year students and the fresher are supposed to choose their dining plan as suggested by the college authorities (Tsai & Lin Lin, 2013). The dining plan has been customized as per the nutritional requirements of the students and also, the preferences designed by the student body and authorities (University of Delaware, 2013a). The students have been authorized to change the dining plan after submitting the plan to the student body (University of East London, 2013). Analysis & Comparison between the Delaware University Dining & Others The dining services offered by Delaware University are very popular but still, the services offered by The University of Newark and Rutgers University has

Financing of Working Capital and the Money Markets Essay

Financing of Working Capital and the Money Markets - Essay Example [http://www.hnb.hr/financijska_stabilnost/efinancijka_sustav.htmtsfsg=79cfa8abff72343c706696777f2a1c18]. The most marketable money market security available in Croatia are the "Government Treasury Bills" that are issued with the maturity deadline of 91, 182 and 364 days [http://www.mfin.hr/en/public-debt]. The second form of money market instrument used in Croatia is the "Certificate of Deposit" that is issued by commercial banks and available through brokers. Certificate of Deposit is a kind of time deposit offered by banks to corporations, local & state governments, and foreign investors that competes with other instruments of the money markets. It is the mechanism by which banks consolidate surplus funds from entities and lend them to other entities in need of short term funds whereby they make money by charging higher interest rates to borrowers than what is offered to the depositors. Hence banks function as financial intermediaries that are primarily interested to channel money to the customers paying highest interest rates and manage the risk of defaults effectively. They compete in the money markets primarily by virtue of their services and interest rates (McKinney Jr. 1967. pp71-73). In Croatia, the certificate of de... Banks prefer to pool certificate of deposits from smaller investors and lend limited money to borrowers to reduce risk of defaults. Hence, such instruments are used primarily for short term cash requirements by firms. On the other hand, treasury bills allow deposits of large amounts and are also tax free. Firms can purchase treasury bills for as short as 91 days using surplus cash and achieve returns that are realized at the maturity. Given that treasury bills are available through auctions, firms can plan the minimum desirable returns that they plan from the T-bills. Some firms also prefer investing in treasury notes issued by Croatian government. The current accounts held by the firms for receivables & payables does not provide any returns and hence the firms are compelled to invest in such short term highly secured financial instruments in Croatia. To avail short term loans from banks, the Croatian firms avail bank acceptance & letter of credit in which the treasury bills become h andy as they are considered as kind of secured collaterals by the banks when issuing the finance. The difference between interest paid to bank and the return from treasury bills reduce the interest burden on the firms from short term financing. The other form of short term financing popular in Croatia is Commercial Paper. As defined by Nayar and Rezoff (1994. pp1433-1434) that Commercial Paper issues with backup lines of credits from banks ensures higher ratings and hence both are almost always simultaneously used. Moreover, unrated Commercial Papers (without bank's credit guarantee) are subject to negative perceptions and hence are not preferred. Overall, money

Spiritual care Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Spiritual care - Assignment Example isasters like earthquake, floods and droughts are usually blamed on supernatural causes whereby â€Å"God† has been â€Å"blamed† for the cause, as a punishment to a community. At this point, the spiritual aspect of an individual or a community should be taken into consideration during therapy to recover from the disaster aftermath (Jose, 2010). Community health nurse has a role to play in assisting the spiritual care of an individual, community or colleagues after a disaster has strike. The nurse should listen carefully to the accounts of different people in relation to the event and draw a well spiritual plan of care. The nurse can incorporate various religious leaders to come and provide a spiritual encouragement to individuals or community members. By doing this, the community members may feel spiritually healed since they believe that their prayers have been sent and received, and such a disaster will not reoccur. The nurse should be empathetic, offer prayers, listen actively without judging and share the emotions appropriately. Such methods make an individual to have peace in heart and accelerate the recovery from the disaster. Organizing community memorial services, anniversary dates and retreat opportunities to colleagues as such, interventions offer long-term recovery (Van Leeuwen & Cusveller,

Read the selections from the 2 legalists, han feizi and Li Si, posted Essay

Read the selections from the 2 legalists, han feizi and Li Si, posted on canvas, compare that to the teachings of confucianism. write down a few aspects where legalism would not agree with confucianism - Essay Example Domestic violence refers to physical or emotional abuse directed to one whom you are in a relationship or married. Domestic violence usually occurs to any person irrespective of gender, age, race, religion or location. In any form of domestic violence, there is often the abuser and the one who is abused. Recognizing domestic violence at an early stage is critical at ending it in any form of relationship (Davis, 2008). Therefore, understanding it in depth is what most articles would talk about. Based on the publishers, the issue of domestic violence is a reality in the society and should be addressed as soon as possible. Moreover, the writer has maintained a neutral ground while talking about the issue without pointing any fingers towards any person that exist in an abusive relationship. Based on the authors writing, writer’s association with special interest to domestic violence victims can view her point of view as unbiased (Smith, 2014). All in all, it is clear that the auth or related to the problems faced by people in domestic violence scenarios, addressed them in relation to his thesis. Davis, R. L. (2008). Domestic violence: intervention, prevention, policies, and solutions. N.p.: Boca Raton: CRC Press, c2008. Retrieved April 30, 2014, from

Leadership Profile Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Leadership Profile - Essay Example Later in 1978 he received a doctorate degree in criminal justice from Sam Houston State University Texas. Worked in the Royal Thai Police Department for 14 years and retired as a Lieutenant Colonel in 1987. His last position was Deputy Superintendent of the Policy and Planning Sub-division, General Staff Division, Metropolitan Police Bureau. After resigning from Royal Thai Police and with several failed business ventures in 1987 Mr. Thaksin started his own business Shinawatra Computer and Communications Group. Mr. Thaksin later resigned from the post of Chairman of the Board of Directors, Shinawatra Computer and Communications Public Company Limited Thaksin entered politics in late 1994 under the invitation of Chamlong Srimuang, the leader of Palang Dharma Party and in 1995 he became the leader of Palang Dharma. Mr. Thaksin held the position of deputy prime minister twice; being appointed Deputy Prime Minister in charge of Bangkok traffic in 1995 and again in 1997 Deputy Prime Minister under Prime Minister Chavalit Yongchaiyudh. It was in 1998 that he founded the Thai Rak Thai Party and became the party leader. Received the "Outstanding Criminal Justice Alumnus Award" from the Criminal Justice Center, Sam Houston State University and, later on October 25, 1996, the "Distinguished Alumni Award" from the same University As it stands Mr. Received the Honorary Award from the Mass Media Photographer Association of Thailand (MPA) as the Outstanding Politician who has contributed significantly to the society As it stands Mr. Thaksin was an extremely popular political leader. His dynamic entrepreneurial vision allowed him to establish a huge transnational business conglomerate and in ten years become one of the wealthiest individuals in Southeast Asia and the world. He twice won landslide elections - in 2001 and 2005 - with his party performing better than any in history. In fact, he is the only Thai prime minister to have completed a full four-year term after an election. Thaksin's distinctive economic, public health, education, energy, drugs and international relations policies made him the first elected Prime Minister in Thai history to complete his term in office, and helped him win a landslide re-election in 2005. (New York Times, 2006) After the creation of Thai Rak Thai, it was his enormous financial resources that allowed him to attract many accomplished and popular local politicians to his party. With a belief of populism and a strong emphasis on directing more funds to rural areas and communities, Thai Rak Thai developed a strong rural base in Thailand. The populist economic policy which was also termed "Thaksinomics." included novel programs such as "One Tambol, One Product," a highly successful program aimed to encourage each sub-district to develop a product in which it had a singular competitive advantage and

Read the selections from the 2 legalists, han feizi and Li Si, posted Essay

Read the selections from the 2 legalists, han feizi and Li Si, posted on canvas, compare that to the teachings of confucianism. write down a few aspects where legalism would not agree with confucianism - Essay Example Domestic violence refers to physical or emotional abuse directed to one whom you are in a relationship or married. Domestic violence usually occurs to any person irrespective of gender, age, race, religion or location. In any form of domestic violence, there is often the abuser and the one who is abused. Recognizing domestic violence at an early stage is critical at ending it in any form of relationship (Davis, 2008). Therefore, understanding it in depth is what most articles would talk about. Based on the publishers, the issue of domestic violence is a reality in the society and should be addressed as soon as possible. Moreover, the writer has maintained a neutral ground while talking about the issue without pointing any fingers towards any person that exist in an abusive relationship. Based on the authors writing, writer’s association with special interest to domestic violence victims can view her point of view as unbiased (Smith, 2014). All in all, it is clear that the auth or related to the problems faced by people in domestic violence scenarios, addressed them in relation to his thesis. Davis, R. L. (2008). Domestic violence: intervention, prevention, policies, and solutions. N.p.: Boca Raton: CRC Press, c2008. Retrieved April 30, 2014, from

THE GEARED SYSTEM AND THE GEAR BOX Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

THE GEARED SYSTEM AND THE GEAR BOX - Coursework Example Theory has it that the larger the gear the less the revolution and the reverse are also true. But can this be explained experimentally? Questions that are of fundamental and the experiment seek answers to are: what is the gear system? What does the gear system entail? And last but not least, what objectives define this experiment? A gear is a common device that is used in transmission of power in engineering. It is an essential component in running of automobiles and machinery (Uicker 67). A geared system includes any system that is toothed and designed for transmission or receiving of motion by means of using successive engaged teeth. The wheel is called the larger wheel where as the pinion is referred to as a smaller gear. A gear is used in engineering situations. It facilitates the rotational speed, the transmission of power (torque) and the direction of output and input shaft. Simpler gear specifications occurs in a gear ratio whereby the ratio of the number of hearing teeth that are the driving gears to the numbers of hearing teeth on the driven gear could be more or less than one. In cases where value of the ratio is more than one, this will lead to a reduced driving rotational speed, and in cases where it is less than one, it could give an increased speed. This experiment seeks to study different gear arrangements and some uses of the gear system. An automotive gear is a gear system that is used in the automotive industry (Uicker 92). This gear gives out a high torque and converts the mechanical energy in a smooth and noiseless way. Turbine gears, on the other hand, are used in minimization of power and noise. Worm gears are gears that are used in driving of the tooth wheel rim that is positioned on the turbines bearing. The objectives set for this experiment was to study different arrangements of gears including worm gearboxes, automobile gear boxes, as well as, turbine reduction gear boxes. Theory. The important specification of the parameters of the g ears includes the number of the gears teeth (z), the circular pitch diameter of the gear (d), and the module (m). The module, m, can, therefore, be given by the following equation; m= d/z, d is the path diameter which could transmit equal motion as that of the actual gear by a pure rolling. The gear ratio or the torque ratio can also be termed as the mechanical advantage. For a basic gear train that has two gears, input gear drives output gear. The teeth of the gear are normally made in a manner that the pitch circles of one gear rolls on another without slipping (Uicker 42). The speed (v) of the contact point of the pitch circles are equal and are given by the following equation; V = r A w A = r B w B, where the input gear (GA) has a radius (r A) and an angular velocity (w A), where as the output gear (GB) has a radius (r B) and angular velocity (w B). The radius of the pitch circle is directly proportional to the number of teeth in gear. This, therefore, implies that the number of teeth’s ratio is equal to the radii’s ratio, that is W A/ w B= r B/ r A = N B/N A. Where N A is the input gear’s total number of teeth where as N B is the output gear’s number of teeth. Therefore, the gear ratio for a basic gear train is equal to; R= w A/ w B = N B/ N A. This equation implies that if the number of teeth in the input gear is smaller than that of the output gear, then the input gear has to go through a faster rotation in comparison with the output gear. Observations. The different types of the gear teeth were observed in the laboratory and their names and diameter recorded in the table shown below. Name of the gear Diameter of the gear(cm) 1st gear 13.50 2nd gear 7.25 3rd

Ronald Reagan Essay Example for Free

Ronald Reagan Essay There are few people in this world that have a profound effect on it. There are even fewer with that can claim they’ve had as great an impact as Ronald Reagan. The 40th president of the United States, Reagan shot from a former Hollywood actor to become arguably one of the greatest politicians of all time. In a time where tensions were possibly never higher between the Soviets and the United States, Reagan was a calming force that provided stability to a world that was severely lacking. Reagan lived a long, and extremely prosperous life, and is widely regarded as one of the greatest presidents of all time. Ronald Wilson Reagan was born in an apartment on the second floor of a commercial building in Tampico, Illinois on February 6, 1911, to Jack and Nelle Reagan. (Ronald Reagan Biography) Reagan had one sibling, his older brother, Neil. Reagan and his family moved around often, before eventually settling in the town of Dixon. As a boy, Reagans father nicknamed his son Dutch, due to his fat little Dutchman-like appearance, and his Dutchboy haircut. Growing up, Ronald had a particular interest in the goodness of people, and had a strong religious faith. (Kengor) After graduating from Dixon High School, Reagan attended Eureka College, majoring in economics and sociology. (Ronald Reagan Biography) Extremely popular among classmates, Reagan was not only captain of the swim team, but was elected student body president. He even ran a revolt against the president of the school when he tried to cut back the faculty. Following graduation from Eureka, Reagan moved to Iowa, where he was hired as a radio broadcaster for the University of Iowa football team. Shortly after, he was hired as the play-by-play announcer for the Chicago Cubs. Reagan was a traveling announcer with the Cubs, and while traveling in California, attended a screen test with Warner Brothers. Reagan performed so well, he left the Cubs and signed a seven-year contract with Warner Brothers. (â€Å"Ronald Reagan†) After signing the contract in 1937, Reagan was quickly assigned to the lower, â€Å"B† level movies. Ronald once joked by saying, â€Å"They didn’t want them good, they wanted them Thursday,† referencing the quality of some of the films he starred in. Often overshadowed by other actors in such movies, his first big role came in the film Love is in the  Air. Ronald’s favorite movie was King’s Row, in which he played double amputee Drake McHugh. His most famous line was in the movie comes when he realizes both of his legs are gone, saying, â€Å"Where’s the rest of me?† Reagan loved it so much he later used it as the title of his autobiography. Ronald’s film career was cut short when he was ordered for active duty in the United States Army in World War two. (â€Å"Ronald Reagan†) In 1940, Reagan married actress Jane Wyman, and together they had two children, Maureen and Christine, and adopted a third, Michael. Wyman filed for divorce in 948, after several arguments about his future political ambitions. It was in 1949 that Reagan met his true love, Nancy Davis. When asked about their first meeting, Nancy said, â€Å"She described their meeting by saying, I dont know if it was exactly love at first sight, but it was pretty close.† The Reagans often publicly displayed their affection for one another, as he often called her Mommy and she called him Ronnie. (â€Å"Ronald Reagan†) After the end of the war, Ronald began a career in what really made him a star; politics. Reagan’s political career was launched when he made his â€Å"A Time for Choosing† speech, which supported conservative presidential candidate Barry Goldwater. The California republicans were impressed with Reagan, and he announced his intentions to run for California governor in 1966. In Reagans campaign, he emphasized two main themes: to send the welfare bums back to work, and, in reference to burgeoning anti-war and anti-establishment student protests at the University of California at Berkeley, to clean up the mess at Berkeley. He was elected, defeating two-term governor Edmund Brown, and was sworn in on January 2, 1967. Reagan won a second term in 1970, but chose not to run again in 1974. (â€Å"Ronald Reagan Biography†) In 1976, Ronald Reagan moved on from governor of California to challenge for something even bigger; to be the president of the United States. He challenged incumbent Gerald Ford for the republican candidacy. Reagans campaign revolved around the thought of taking early primaries to damage the inevitability of Ford’s likely nomination. At first, the strategy appeared  to work, but Ford eventually won out, with Reagan even losing out on his home state of Illinois. In 1980, however, things worked out much better for Reagan, as he not only won the republican nomination, but obliterated Jimmy Carter with 489 electoral college votes to Carter’s 49. (Freidel) His campaign stressed some of his fundamental principles: lower taxes to stimulate the economy, less government interference in peoples lives, states rights, and a strong national defense. Reagan began his presidency on January 20th, 1981, and is the oldest president to ever assume office at 69. (â€Å"Ronald Reagan†) Just 69 days into his presidency, Reagan became the first president to survive an assassination attempt. After the event, Reagan’s popularity rose to a high of 73 percent. Perhaps Reagan’s greatest act as president came in his second term, when he helped end the Cold War. Reagan gave a speech at the Berlin Wall in 1987, in which he challenged Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev, saying, â€Å"General Secretary Gorbachev, if you seek peace, if you seek prosperity for the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe, if you seek liberalization, come here to this gate! Mr. Gorbachev, open this gate! Mr. Gorbachev, tear down this wall! In November 1989, the Berlin Wall was torn down, and the Cold War was officially declared over at the Malta Summit on December 3, 1989. On November 5th, at the age of 83, Reagan announced that he had been diagnosed with Al zheimers disease, an incurable neurological disorder that destroys brain cells and ultimately causes death. (Library) Letters of well wishes poured into the Reagan’s California home, showing support for the former president and first lady. As the years went on, the disease slowly destroyed Reagans mental capacity, and he was only able to recognize a few people, including his wife Nancy. (â€Å"Ronald Reagan Biography†) Reagans public appearances became much less frequent with the progression of the disease, and as a result, his family decided that he would live in quiet semi-isolation with his wife. On the afternoon of June 5, 2004, Ronald Reagan died at his home at the age of 93. President George W. Bush declared June 11 a National Day of Mourning, and tributes came in from all over the world. (Ronald Reagan ) Three funerals were held for President Reagan, with his final resting place at the Ronald Reagan Presidential Library in Simi Valley California. President Reagan’s legacy is that of a powerful and influential man, yet the most down to Earth, honest man you could possibly meet. Observers rank him as one of the greatest presidents of all time. Many think it was because of his joking and loving manner. President Reagan lived a full and prosperous life, and there are few that can argue they accomplished as much as he did in his time. Works Cited 1. Freidel, Frank. The Presidents of the United States of America. 13th. Collingdale: Diane Publishing Co., 1994. eBook 2. Kengor, Paul. God and Ronald Reagan. 1st. New York City: Harper Perennial, 2005. Print. 3. Ronald Reagan Biography. The Biography Channel website. 2011. 01 March 2011 Abraham Lincoln Biography. The Biography Channel website. 2011. 01 March 2011 http://www.biography.com/people/abraham-lincoln-9382540 4. Ronald Reagan. History Channel Website. N.p.. Web. 18 Nov 2013. . 5. Library, CNN. Ronald Reagan Fast Facts. CNN U.S.. N.p., 10 Sept 2013. Web. 1Dec 2013. . The Life and Times of Ronald Reagan Jordan Walters Mr. Clancy History of Western Civilization

Organizational Structure Of The Edc Hotel Tourism Essay

Organizational Structure Of The Edc Hotel Tourism Essay The staffs available in EDC hotel are total with 60 people for all post. Amount the 60 people they are separate in 4 categories, which is permanent staff, contract staff, permanent part-time staff and temporary staff. The numbers of permanent staff are in 4 people, contract staff 34 people, permanent part-time staff are 8 people and the temporary staffs are 14 people. The General Manager of Hotel EDC is Mrs Suzzaini. She has been a lecturer in UUM before and now her as a full time staff in EDC. She also as the head who interview us when we doing research in EDC Hotel. For the other position and names by all the staff are shows with organization chart below: The human resource policies are under control by the Human Resource or HR Department. The HR department is using to manage and control the operation working of staff. Now, we are going to discuss about the human resource policies under EDC hotel. The EDC hotel are choosing 2 types of staff when they making selection after recruitment. The 2 types of staff they taken are temporary staff and also permanent staff. The duty times for these 2 types of staff are different. For the temporary staff are getting shorter working time and the salary are fewer than the permanent staff. By the permanent staff working times are full times, that mean they are working whole days however is a public holiday. The EDC hotel is facing the problems lack of staff. The cause of making this problem happen is most of the staff inside EDC Hotel are temporary workers of staff. So, the staff inside EDC are working more than 1 job however they are getting same salary. Like an example, For the security guard of EDC Hotel at the front exit are also working as a cleaner for guard house and also a staff of control rooms like control all the lights in EDC. EDC hotel also provide the training program for the UUM students. The HR department is choosing the practical students from UUM as a temporary staff and also gives the take part in training program. This have helpful for solve the problems of workers shortage. After the students finish practical, EDC hotel are give them chance to choose stay or leave the hotel and the HR department will choose another practical students to work in hotel again. Besides that, the EDC Hotel will also give chances for those students are wish to work in hotel when holidays or free times in hotel. The students who wish that will as a part-time workers, this mean the student can quit anytime and wont tight by a contract. The HR department also working as confirms that all the staff inside EDC is working, because they must make sure that the hotel is keep operation smoothly. Through the information above we have know the types and the operation of managing of staff inside EDC Hotel. The Sales and Marketing Strategies Sales is an important part in a hotel operation, the sales are good or not can affect the hotel operation also. The sales can bring the income and also the famous of the hotel. Every hotels are trying to push their sales at the top, even if EDC UUM also. Through the hotel we making the research, EDC UUM we have get the information of the sales of the hotel are separate in 2 parts. The first one is from the room sales of EDC hotel. The hotel EDC is located near the UUM so most of the consumers are students and their parents. And we also get that, the hotel EDC are get two peak season in every years, that is when the UUM running the week of orientation and during the convocation. The rooms of hotel EDC are fully booking by many students and their parents during peak season. So, for someone they are late booking they cant get the room. Through the staff in EDC, we also get know that, for who like to get rooms when convocation or orientation weeks, they must booking earlier than 1 month before. We also get the information from the GM about that, at the normal days the rooms are available in anytime. It means every people can get booking at the time u like or u can choose direct to EDC and asking for the available rooms u can get. So for those parents and friends come to visit their children and friends in UUM can get accommodation with easily by EDC Hotel. One more part of the sale that supports the hotel income and operation is through the food and beverage department in EDC hotel. The restaurant in EDC hotel is available for public. This mean although u do not rent the hotel rooms in EDC u also can go enjoy the meals they provide after u pay it. This have attract many UUM students those are feeling boredom of the food provide in the food courts of UUM are going to EDC to enjoy the different meals in campus. Management and Functions of Each Department There were eight management departments in EDC UUM such as front office, housekeeping, sales and marketing, food and beverage, human resources, finance and administrative, facilities and maintenance, and safety and security. Each department has their own function and responsibility to operate. Front Office Department Front office department plays very important roles in EDC hotel. The department can be separate into two sections; there are front desk and back office. Each section of front office services has their own responsibilities. The main function of the department is selling, register and assign guestroom to the customers. They also responsibilities to handle the phone call in the hotel and make reservation for the customers. Front office service specialists also have a good understanding to take part in guest settlement such as resolve conflicts with customers and handle weirdly customers if certain cases had happen. Housekeeping Department The function of housekeeping department is maintained the cleanliness and order, building and furniture in the hotel. Besides cleanliness, housekeeping department must make sure the comfortable in the hotel such as softness of pillow, comfort of mattresses and quality of bed. These department personnel include chief of housekeeping department, supervisors, senior maids and maids which their jobs are checking the quality in the hotel periodically. Housekeeping department is one of the hotel services that are very strict regulation. Each position has its own well defined instructions. Sales and Marketing Department The main function of sales and marketing department is to promote the hotel products and services to the customers. They offer and selling the hotels room to individual guest for holiday purpose or diverse conferences facilities to certain customers. In addition, they also make an improvement on sales and public relations and brand image of hotel in the market. The department always acts as an agent to provide latest information and updating to the hotel. Food and Beverage Department The function of the department is providing food and beverage to the customers. They also provide food and beverage for meetings, groups, conferences and theme parties. Meanwhile, EDC hotel also responsibilities provided banquet events to customers. The banquet events involve many service styles; there are buffet services, family style service and so on. When during any festival, EDC hotel also provided Ramadhan package and offered to every customers to enjoy delicious food in the hotel. Human Resources Department Human Resource Department is a department that combines the traditional administrative function and well-being employees within the organization. They involve the activities such as planning, organizing, directing, and controlling employees at work. The department is responsible on hiring, terminating and training staff for the development and application of ongoing research on strategic advances. They also responsible for understanding their employees and identify their individual needs and career goal, develop positive interaction between workers to ensure verify and constructive enterprise productivity and provide remedial measures in the form of seminars or workshops for the worker who are lack of knowledge or insufficient training. On the other hand, HR also focuses on recruit the required workforce and manages staff effectively to success meet strategic goal. Finance Department The accounting department is monitoring the financial activities in the hotel. They prepare the budget and assign revenue to different department. They also prepare the financial statement of the hotel. Meanwhile, the department also collects the revenue from guests and giving salaries to employees. They always keep check on the account of FB cost, other purchases and expenditure under several heads for each department. Facilities and Maintenance Department The function of facilities and maintenance department in EDC hotel is provide a well repairing and maintenance services included structural, mechanical and electronic services, painting, air-conditioners repair and maintenance and so on. The department is also responsible to maintain all the furniture and fixtures in the hotel. Furthermore, they also work closely with the front office to ensure the guests satisfaction. The department must always make sure there have a safety and healthy work environment to the employees in the hotel. Safety and Security Department The security officers in the EDC hotel is responsible provide a safety and security environment to the hotel workers to work and business man to do business even customers who are stay in the hotel. Apart from that, security in the hotel also became an essential and strongly force in preventing losses and missing property. In addition, security guard also working as cleaners in the guard house and staff in the control room to control all the air-conditioner and PA system in the hotel while any activities were in the progress. Cost of Running Operation We have been gone to the EDC hotel and interview their manager, Mrs.Suzzaini to interview how many the costs they are used in running a hotel. However, Mrs Suzzaini did not provide us very detail about the budgeting of the hotel because it is private and confidential. She just provided us the cost of electric and water cost; there are about 52 thousand and 400 thousand per month. Below is a general costs that always will use to run a hotel but its only can act as a references. Basically, running a hotel need a lot of money to maintain stage. Cost of the publicity is one of the costs that cannot less. Most of the hotel are depend advertising and package to attract customers come and stay at their hotel. Then, a hotel needs some costs to make improvement on infrastructure and facilities and also maintenance on the building, electronic and water even any structural in the hotel. Meanwhile, hotel management also needs to pay taxes of the building and other fixed asset. To prepare FB to customers, hotel management also needs some cost to purchase food and do banquet for customers. And the last but not least, accounting department also needs pay salary, incentive and bonus to their employees in the hotel. Common Problem Faced By Hotel The common problem that faced by EDC hotel is administrative problem such as movement of the staffs. When the staffs are leave, the hotel management needs some time to hire and training news staffs. Therefore, EDC hotel always faced lack of staffs in hotel department. Overbooking also is a problem that always faced by EDC hotel. When during convocation time and orientation week, there are many parents and graduate came to the hotel and stay at there. EDC hotel is one of the hotels that very near to the UUM compared to the other hotel, in order to convenience and no waste many time, EDC hotel always happen the rooms were overbooking. So, the hotel management now was build an extension of the hotel to overcame the hotels rooms overbooking in certain festival. Customers complaints are very normal incident that always occurred in every hotel. The common problem that customers always complaints are poor customers service such as attitude and behavior of the workers, the food not delicious, waiting for more than 30 minute to eat in a restaurant and so on. Meanwhile, some customers also complaint about the pricing of the room, food even a service charge were very expensive. Therefore, hotel management must always train their staffs to fulfill the customers needs.

Essay --

In the arriving court , the judge exemplifies a lot of challenges , as a quality aspect of the court. According to research a judge is an officer who has been elected to bring justice and reap the law throughout the court of justice (). As a judge, common requirements are measured in order to pursue the job qualification. Therefore , the U.S. Bureau of Labor stated that , â€Å" a judge must attend undergraduate school , which a study of choice is not mandatory. Judges must hold a prior legal practice and hold a Juris Doctor degree. While obtaining the degree , one must complete a series of legal classes at law school approved by the ABA (). After , successfully completing the level of achievement an aspiring must pass a bar exam to move to the next level. After successfully passing the bar exam ,one is appointed as an attorney in till obtaining judgeship. Having a strong board behind you for support can boost one's promotion opportunities into being elected for the judge position. Next , on the personnel staff is the District Attorney best known as the D.A.. A district attorney is a prosecuting officer who shows presentation throughout the state in specific trails (). Duties vary for a DA , duties like educating the public and the enforcement of law about how crime prevention can be stopped. District attorneys have a load of employees working hard their wings. According to significant sites , a DA must hold a legal education and a state licensure. Before , the acquirement of DA requires , a high school diploma and a undergraduate degree of four years is required (). Yet , a Juris doctor from a ABA school is required . As the list of personnel continues on ,the next listed job is the hearing officers. Hearing officers make change over ... ... information giving to him/her (1). Moreover , one must not currently have any felony charges nor been convicted of a felony. The only way that one will not have to complete any form of jury duty is if one is in the armed forces being active duty or working for any professional departments. Juror's really play an important part of the court personnel when making verdicts for the courts. Being on a Juror committee can really be stressful if the case is very popular. If the case is local the juror shouldn't have to stay no longer than a week in till the case is closed. Juror's are not to talk about the case in open conversations with peers beside in the court room , while making serious decisions . The juror's have their own claimed section in the court room where the judge has a close distance between them. The next presented personnel in the courts is the defendant

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Tiffany Rivera Prior to 1860 there was great sectionalism in the United States between the northern and southern states. The Southern states and Northern states were always in competition for power. Various compromises were proposed by the opposing sides but eventually failed. The Civil War, election of President Lincoln and Reconstruction Era caused great change in the US. Constitutional developments such as the Emancipation Proclamation, three civil rights bills, and the Reconstruction Era impacted the lives on freedmen. Social developments such as the Freedmen's Bureau, the Black Codes, and the Ku Klux Klan were also revolutionary especially to the lives of the freedmen. One may say the election of President Lincoln was revolutionary. When the southern states realized their insignificance in terms of political power compared to the northern states, the southern states seceded from the union. South Carolina believed they had the constitutional right to secede from the Union because it was not stated in the Constitution it was illegal to do so and should be left to state power. (Doc A) The southern states also feared that if the North gained enough power they would abolish slavery completely. The fear of the northern states becoming too powerful and failure of compromise between the northern and southern states had led to the Civil War. An outcome of this conflict would be the Emancipation Proclamation, 13th-15th Amendments, and the abolition of slavery in the South. This angered southerners since it endangered their Agrarian economy through the use of slavery. Another outcome would be President Lincoln adding an amendment which made it illegal for a ny state to secede from the Union, helping preserve the Union of the nation af... ...articipation in government politically. (Doc. G) This was due to the passing of the three civil rights bills. During the Reconstruction Era, blacks were also offered education, which increased opportunity for the blacks. Some whites from the south disliked the Klu Klux Klan Act and felt that it gave the federal government too much power. (Doc H) The Force Acts were however essential during this time. Thomas Nast shows that the Klu Klux Klan was endangering the lives of the former slaves. (Doc I) All of these events greatly impacted the lives of the freedmen of the nation. This also affected the nation as a whole in terms of rights and power and in many ways strengthened the federal government. During the years 1860-1877, many constitutional and social developments were revolutionary. This changed the nation as a whole including the lives of the freedmen and whites.

Nintendo Case Study

Case Analysis Part 1 Introduction Case 7 of the textbook titled Essentials of Strategic Management looked at the video game pioneer Nintendo. The title of the case is Nintendo's Strategy in 2009: The Ongoing Battle with Microsoft and Sony and was written by Lou Marino and Sally Sarrett. The case begins by describing how Nintendo faced serious competition from Sony and Microsoft in the video game market. As Sony had created the Playstation and Microsoft came out with the Xbox, Nintendo had taken a backseat in terms of new video game consoles.Through the years however, Nintendo had created many popular devices used for gaming such as the Nintendo 64 and numerous versions of the DS. As Nintendo prepared to release the Wii game system, many said that it lacked the graphics and user experience that their rivals had and it appeared as though it would be a market flop. To the surprise of many critics and competing companies, the Wii was a huge success setting records for total sales.Current ly Nintendo is seeing reduced demand and reduced sales due to the recession but they continue to release new features and games and analysts say that â€Å"the only limitations of the system were the limitations of the designer and the user-leading most to believer they considered the possibilities endless† ( ). Nintendo's Strategy In it's early years, Nintendo's strategy was to bring video game experience most commonly found in public venues such as the Donkey Kong arcade game into the users home.This differentiation strategy proved highly successful for Nintendo as they were the first to give the user an affordable gaming console with many different games available for the Nintendo Entertainment System or NES. This continued with the release of numerous versions of the Game Boy and Nintendo DS as users could take their games with them anywhere they went which was unheard of from rivals such as Sony and Microsoft at the time. As competition grew with Sony, Sega, and Microsof t, Nintendo's strategy seemed to move towards a cost strategy. They began creating onsoles such as the GameCube to compete with disk operated consoles by their competitors but at a cheaper price. This move turned out to be unsuccessful for a number of reasons, the main one being their lack of graphic capabilities. From here Nintendo began differentiating themselves again. Nintendo set out to design a console that would revolutionize the way people played games and the Wii was born. People that had never played video games before such as women and the elderly could now find games suited for them that were easy to understand and fun to play.Users could play games that got them up and moving to promote a healthier lifestyle as well as interact with others. For Nintendo to be successful in the future, this differentiation strategy appears to be the best route to follow. Strategic Leadership The strategic leadership surrounding the Nintendo organization appears to be ahead of their time in some aspects. Although they are not coming out with consoles directly aimed at competing with that of Sony and Microsoft, they are however releasing cutting edge technologies into their products.From the dual screen on the DS which allows users to sync up with others to play head to head to the Wii with a Bluetooth activated controller, Nintendo is constantly changing the video game industry. The marketers at Nintendo understood that â€Å"too many powerful consoles can't coexist† because they would eventually lead to their own collapse ( 375 ). By creating something completely new for users that rivals aren't reaching, Nintendo was able to gain control of a relatively untouched market segment. Nintendo is known for its differentiation from the normal gaming systems and this attracts a completely different crowd than Sony and Microsoft.Stakeholders in the Nintendo company know this and this is what ultimately attracts them to their organization just as the stakeholders for Sony or Microsoft are attracted to the strategies of competing to be the best in terms of graphics and realistic gaming experience. If Nintendo was to change and try to compete on the same levels as Sony and Microsoft, they would more than likely lose many of their investors because this differentiation is what keeps Nintendo ranking among the top gaming companies.

Fetal Heart Rate and Defects Essay

Electronic fetal heart monitoring is commonly used for tracking how well the baby is doing within the contracting uterus and for detecting signs of fetal distress. External fetal heart monitoring is performed by attaching external transducers to the mother’s abdomen with elastic straps. The transducers use Doppler ultrasound to detect fetal heart motion, and the information is sent to the fetal heart monitor which calculates and records the fetal heart rate on a continuous strip of paper. More modern fetal heart monitors have incorporated microprocessors and mathematical procedures to improve the fetal heart rate signal and the accuracy of the recording. An echocardiography can be used before birth to accurately identify many heart defects. The mother can be treated with medications that may restore normal heart rhythm in the fetus if the test shows that a fetus’s heart is beating too fast or too slow (Emitting & Waves, R.C., n.d.). The fetal heart starts as a tube which folds and fuses in a complex structure that results in a muscular pump with four chambers and four valves. It is not surprising that small errors in development can lead to a wide variety of structural abnormalities in the 4 chambers, the 4 heart valves, the veins and great arteries. During fetal monitoring, a nurse will evaluate the strip for continuity and adequacy for interpretation, identify the baseline fetal heart rate and presence of variability, determine whether there are accelerations or decelerations from the baseline, identify patterns of uterine contraction, and correlate accelerations and decelerations with the uterine contractions. This will allow the nurse to determine whether the fetal heart rate recording is reassuring, non-reassuring, or ominous (Children’s Heart Federation, n.d). Fetal Heart Rate and Defects The normal fetal heart rate is between 110 to 180 beats per minutes (BPM), but can vary. Fluctuations of the fetal heart rate (usually associated with fetal movement) during different periods of the day are common and often rise above 160, going as high as 180 to 190 and are considered normal. Listening to a normally beating heart using a fetal ultrasound Doppler as early as 8 weeks can offer reassurance and cut down on a lot of stress and help assure that the developing fetus is healthy. While miscarriage occurs in only about 15 percent of apparently normal pregnancies, it only occurs in about 1 percent of pregnancies where a normal heartbeat has been seen or heard (Medscape, n.d). Recent studies conclude that changes in pregnant women’s heart rate and blood pressure due to chronic stress and anxiety can have an effect on the fetal heart rate. The study did not report any negative effects on fetal health but confirmed that emotional based changes in a woman’s cardiovas cular activity can have â€Å"real-time effects† on a fetus. A previous study has shown that stress during pregnancy can cause an increase in the risk of low-birth weight and premature birth. More importantly, increased evidence suggests that pregnancy stress can actually affect the baby’s behavior and functioning later in life (NT: Detection Rate CHD, n.d.). The ability for expectant mothers to listen to the fetal heart rate with a fetal Doppler offers a safe method of early fetal bonding which was previously only available at prenatal appointments with a medical professional. With its approval for in home by the FDA expecting parents have increasingly been opting to rent or purchase fetal Dopplers to help relieve some of the stress associated with the unknowns of early and late pregnancy. Fetal Doppler rentals are currently available through many online retailers at very affordable rates. Fetal heart rate monitoring is the process of checking the condition of a baby during labor and delivery by monitoring his or her heart rate with special equipment. Electronic fetal heart rate monitoring (EFM) was first introduced at Yale University in 1958. Since then, continuous EFM has been widely used in the detection of fetal compromise and the assessment of the influence of the intrauterine environment on fetal welfare (Evans and Niswander, 2000). There are two methods of fetal heart monitoring in labor. External fetal monitoring is done through the skin and is not meant to be invasive. Sensitive electrodes (connected to monitors) are placed on your abdomen over conducting jelly. The electrodes can sense the fetal heart rate (FHR) and the presence and duration of uterine contractions. Usually, the results of this test are continuous and are printed out, or they appear on a computer screen. Internal fetal monitoring involves placing a electrode directly on the fetal scalp through the cervix. The health care provider may use this method of monitoring your baby if external monitoring is not working well, or the information is inconclusive. Both types of tests are performed to evaluate fetal heart rate and variability between beats, especially in relation to uterine contractions. The tests also indicate the frequency and strength of uterine contractions (Belmont, 1998). Fortunately, fetal heart monitoring tests can detect numerous abnormal situations or conditions during pregnancy, such as reduced blood flow to the developing baby (cord compression), block of electrical signals within the heart muscle, causing an altered heart beat (fetal heart block), incorrect positioning of the baby (fetal malposition), too little oxygen supply to the developing baby, suggest the presence of infection, too little oxygen exchange between the uterus and the placenta, fetal distress, placenta abruption, and severe anemia in the developing baby. Most common heart defects, such as holes between the chambers (atrial septal defect, ventricular septal defect) and even more complex conditions such as transposition of the great arteries and tetralogy of Fallot, can be successfully managed after birth (Belmont, 1998). Many of the aforementioned situations detected during a fetal heart monitoring could mean that the baby has a congenital heart defect. There are many types of congenital heart defects which is why it is so important that the fetal heart monitoring be done before and during labor. A fetal heart defect means that the baby will be born with a problem in the heart’s structure. Learning of the child’s congenital heart defect can help to understand his or her condition and what you can expect in the coming months and years. Some congenital heart defects are simple and don’t need treatment. Other congenital heart defects in children are more complex and may require several surgeries performed over a period of several years. Heart-related complications can be temporary or may affect the child long-term (Emitting & Waves, R.C, n.d.). One examples of a congenital heart defect is pulmonary atresia, which is when no pulmonary valve exists, so blood can’t flow from the right ventricle into the pulmonary artery and on to the lungs. The right ventricle acts as a blind pouch that may stay small and not well developed. The tricuspid valve is often poorly developed, too. An opening in the atrial septum lets blood exit the right atrium, so venous (bluish) blood mixes with the oxygen-rich (red) blood in the left atrium. The left ventricle pumps this mixture of blood into the aorta and out to the body. Pulmonary atresia occurs in about one out of every 10,000 live births (Pulmonary Atresia, n.d.). Another type of congenital heart defect is congenital heart block, when detected at or before birth in a structurally normal heart, is strongly associated with autoantibodies reactive with certain proteins. In this defect, the heart’s electrical signal doesn’t pass from the heart’s own natural pacemaker in the atrium to the lower chambers. When this occurs, an independent pacemaker in the lower chambers takes over. The ventricles can contract and pump blood, but at a slower rate than the atrial pacemaker. Complete heart block is most often caused in adults by heart disease or as a side effect of drug toxicity. Heart blocks can be present at birth (Belmont, 1998). Continuous lumbar epidural anesthesia is commonly used for analgesic treatment during labor and delivery; It is still a matter of controversy whether epidural anesthesia has direct or indirect side effects on the fetus. It has been reported that local anesthetics can cause changes in the fetal heart rate patterns in the sense of direct myocardial side effects (Evans and Niswander, 2000). It is apparent that there are marked cardiovascular changes that occur in the fetus with a congenital heart defect compared with the normal healthy fetus. Without the use of fetal heart monitoring tests, we would be unable to determine if the fetus has a congenital heart defect which could drastically delay treatment of the condition. Treatment varies widely with the type of disease, the effect that pregnancy has on the disease, and the effect that the disease has on pregnancy. If it is the fetus that has a problem, serial ultrasounds may be performed. Fetal heart rate monitoring may be necessary, or amniocentesis may be required. In addition, it may be essential to give the mother medications to act on the baby (Belmont, 1998). Summary A fetal heart defect is an abnormality in any part of the heart that is present in an unborn child. Approximately 35,000 infants are born with heart defects each year in the United States. An echocardiography can be used before birth to accurately identify many heart defects. The mother can be treated with medications that may restore normal heart rhythm in the fetus if the test shows that a fetus’s heart is beating too fast or too slow. In most cases, scientists do not know what makes a baby’s heart develop abnormally, but genetic and environmental factors appear to play roles.

Rhetorical Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 5

Rhetorical Analysis - Essay Example Swift launches attack on the irresponsibility of the Ireland‘s lawmakers, the presence of the well-being in the society, dictatorship of the Englishmen and the desperation in which he sees the Irish people living in. He also puts across the Irish peoples reluctance and inability to stand on themselves. The work shows that the state, English and the Irish people are responsible for the misery state of the country. Political failure was all over the nation during the Swift time hence leading to several works written to criticize the political leadership. Their objectives were to pressurize them to provide solutions to economic problems, poverty and misuse of the poors children for the gain of the rich. The author protests bitterly on the inability of political leadership and attacks the introduction of several reformers towards economic changes. In conclusion, the main challenge to Swifts work is to get the public attention whose indifference was well focused. He puts his point negatively, to bring out the themes of morality, political incapacity and poverty which should be

Managing Operations and Finance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Managing Operations and Finance - Essay Example Moving forward, the paper presents a comparison of the current and last year financial performance of the company through financial statement ratio analysis. The primary reason to conduct a ratio analysis is to quantify the results of the operations of a company and compare them with that of the prior year(s) in order to assess different aspects of the financial feasibility. The ratios are divided into profitability, liquidity and gearing ratios. The paper identifies the areas, through ratio analysis, where the company is performing well and where it needs improvements. In conclusion the paper presents a comparison of the financial and operational performance of Marks and Spencer with one of its primary competitors, Debenhams. Major financial ratios are compared and in addition, historical share prices are also analyzed of both companies in order to identify which company has a better market capitalization and better reputation from investor’s perspective. Operating Performanc e of the Company Marks and Spencer, an internationally recognized name considered analogous for high fashion and trend setting quality. Marks and Spencer is regarded as the premier retailer in the United Kingdom catering more than 21 million customers. Keeping in pace with the globalization, the company is planning to expand its business in other frontiers. As per the audited financial statement of the company for the financial year 2010, the company employees more than 76,000 and has its operations expanded to more than 41 countries in the world. Marks and Spencer’s well established business attracts a great deal of consumer base irrespective of demography. The primary business of the company comprises of selling general merchandise which mainly consists of womenswear, menswear and an expanding kid’s wear. The company, through its resilient and effective marketing tactics, has able to capture market share of around 11.0% by value and 11.2% by volume. Another source fr om where the company earns a great deal of its revenue is through selling food items. Marks and Spencer is the leading provider when it comes to selling fine quality food. The company sells everything from fresh meals to canned food items, highly acclaimed and praised range of wines to other groceries products. The company has improved its shelf availability and has adopted the strategy of renewing its food range. The proactive approach has resulted in an increase of 1.8% in sales revenue from food business. The financial year 2010 proved to be another progressive year for Marks and Spencer. During the current year, Marks and Spencer’s revenue increased by 5.2% during the current year to an impressive ?9.5 billion which has caused the operating profit to increase by 9.8%. The company, following its growth strategy, aspires transform its operation into multi channel business. The company has taken major steps in investing its direct sales business which enhanced the revenue by 27% during the current financial year. In addition, the company is actively following its strategy of refurbishing its stores and giving them a new and improved look. The refurbishment has resulted in an increased storage space and has created a fashionable shopping environment. The following table compares the financial results of Marks and Spencer, for

War as Threat to Value of Life Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

War as Threat to Value of Life - Essay Example There was a time when war had been the order of the day, and warriors used to be looked with great reverence and admiration. Somehow, the two Great Wars of 20th century have realized the people the fatal aftereffects of the bloodshed and aggression, where hundreds of thousands of people died and turned wounded and disabled, along with the reversal of financial and scientific achievements man had invented and devised after the hard efforts of many decades. Hence, wars brought ruination to progress, prosperity, unity and moral values, and crush all ethics and quality of human life under their chariot wheels. It is fact beyond suspicion that the history of war is as old as the history of human arrival on the very face of the earth. â€Å"Distinguished philosopher Immanuel Kant emphatically argues that the state of peace among the people living side by side and remaining in constant interaction with one another cannot be remained peaceful, as it is in the nature of man to contain differ ences with other fellow-beings. It is therefore it is war rather than peace which could be stated as the natural one.† (Porter, 2003: 310) One of the most imperative reasons behind the aggression and antagonism against others includes the innate avaricious nature of humans, which urges them to take the life of the rival out of the feelings of envy, jealousy, anger and fear. It is therefore the individuals and nations attack their opponents in order to deprive them of the privileges they have obtained. The Old Testament also narrates the tale of the Abel’s murder at the hands of his real brother Cain, who was killed because of God’s favor upon him in the form of the acceptance of Abel’s sacrifice. (Genesis 4: 1-17) Thus, the flow of first human blood on the earth paved the way towards the series of killings, assassinations, bloodshed and wars for the future generations to come. However, it was an individual enmity that resulted into fratricide; as the human s are still busy in killing their brethren for the last several centuries, yet their lust of dominating over other individuals has witnessed no satiety at all. History demonstrates the very reality that the wars are commenced, inflicted and fought in the sacred name of religion, justice, peace, solidarity, freedom and human rights, where war mongers destroy human societies, cultures and civilizations just to acquire pelf, power, prestige and possession. It is therefore the warfare inflicted upon humanity during ancient Greek, Hellenistic, Roman and Medieval eras just meant to subjugate the weak neighbors in order to snatch their wealth and resources by killing their men, enslaving their women and annexing their territories to their own countries. The European scramble for Asia and Africa during 17th century onward also reflected the brutality and butchery exercised by the big powers upon the weak and defenseless humans just to declare themselves as the world power. The recent war